Publications - Phaselis Araştırmaları

PHASELIS: Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies

PHASELIS: Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies is an interdisciplinary periodical established to serve as a platform for debate for the scientists, researchers and experts examining the culture-historical background of the Mediterranean Basin and Geography of Asia Minor from a chronological perspective, focusing upon the ancient city of Phaselis.

PHASELIS intends to present original scientific studies contributing to the development of dialogue amongst scientists from various disciplines, to update and expand the current knowledge and published record available to the scientific world.

LIBRI: Journal of Book Notices, Reviews and Translations

LIBRI: Journal of Book Notices, Reviews and Translations, is a journal which aims to present notices, reviews and criticism of the books and articles of various disciplines (ancient history, archaeology, art history, epigraphy, numismatics, etc.) published related to the antiquity through the perpective of Anatolian historical geography, for the information of readers interested in the subject, scientists, researchers and experts. It is also an interdisciplinary periodical which introduces ancient literary sources into Turkish from their original language (Ancient Greek and Latin).
LIBRI aims to contribute to the enrichment of academic knowledge from antiquity to present through ancient sources, modern literature and recent scientific studies and articles filtered in editions and criticism via analytical methods. LIBRI adopts introducing the scientific studies accompanied by notices and reviews to the interest of academicians, as a principle.

Phaselis Kent Limanları ve Sualtı Araştırmalarının Ön Değerlendirmesi

Abstract

The city of Phaselis which is today within the borders of the Tekirova district of Antalya Province and on the west coast of the Gulf of Pamphylia, has three natural harbours and an anchorage area. It is understood from the ancient texts that Phaselis was a coastal town located on important sea routes and played a role in many incidents of maritime history due to its location. Thus, underwater and surface explorations directed to the city harbours have also been conducted, within the Surface Explorations of Phaselis and its Territorium. The aim of this research was to determine the location, history and developmental stages of the city harbours. In addition, it aimed to determine the functions of the harbour structures related to harbour use and to make clear the construction technologies employed. It was determined during the research periods of 2013-2014 that the city has three natural harbours and an anchorage area. From the current data it is understood that these harbours were used from the Archaic Period through to Late Antiquity and Phaselis was therefore a coastal town with four harbours, a type which is rarely found in antiquity.

Reference: E. Aslan – S. Baybo, Phaselis I (2015) 1-17.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 2015

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A New Athena Polias Votive Inscription from the Phaselis’ Acropolis

Abstract

This article presents a newly discovered votive inscription found during the course of the 2013 survey conducted at the ancient city of Phaselis and in its territory. The inscription was found where the stairs to the acropolis from the southwest of the theatre end, in front of the west wall of the tower structure give access to the acropolis. This inscription in the Doric dialect, on a limestone block measuring 0.315 x 0.77 x 0.61 m., records a dedication to Athena Polias. The letters 0.03 m. high, exhibit Late Archaic – Early Classical Period features and, consequently the inscription can be dated to the Vth century B.C.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen – F. Yılmaz, Adalya XVIII (2015), 121-131.
Journal Name: Adalya
Publication Date: 2015

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Phaselis Kentinin Su Teminine İlişkin Gözlemler ve Dijital Epigrafi Çalışmaları

Abstract

This article presents the observations made concerning the water supply to the city of Phaselis in antiquity and the deciphering of new epigraphic material with the aid of new technologies, within the framework of the multidisciplinary field work that has been conducted in the ancient city and within its territory since 2012. Firstly, through determining the water-sources, related constructions and distribution network conveying fresh water to Phaselis, from the city’s aquaeductus to the water sources on Mount Tahtalı, through field surveys and recording the coordinates of these finds on the city’s topographical map. Secondly, an example of the benefits obtained through the new technologies employed to enable and facilitate the more accurate reading of the inscriptions found in Phaselis through the use of the new digital photography technique called RTI and photogrammetry to improve the legibility of the inscriptions found on the lithic material, with an example provided by the studies of a new fragmentary inscription discovered in the city.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen & Aykan AKÇAY, MJH IV/2 (2014), 279-292. DOI: 10.13114/MJH.201428446.
Journal Name: MJH
Publication Date: December 2014

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Phaselis’li Entelektüeller I: Theodektes, Rhetor, Tragedya Yazarı ve Bir Bilmece Ustası

Abstract

This article aims to present Theodectes of Phaselis, an intellectual who occupied a prominent place in IV century B.C. Athens, both through his life and his works and who was referred to by many sources. Firstly the paper mentions his life and his family. He was the son of Aristandros and had a son bearing the same name as his father. Although the information provided by the ancient sources does not record his exact birth of date, during the first quarter of the IV century B.C. seems accepted. His educational background and his rhetorical doctrine is elucidated as it is known that Theodectes was a pupil of Isocrates, and was an influential rhetorician, writing rhetorical works. The texts recording his talents are analysed and particularly his success in both creating puzzles and solving them is revealed, with emphasis upon the contests he participated in and the prizes he won. Theodectes’ work as a tragic poet and information concerning his known tragedies are noted.We know the names of ten, possibly twelve, tragedies by Theodectes, who was clearly influenced by his predecessors Aescylus, Sophocles and Euripides: Aias, Alkmaion, Helene, Lynkeus, Oidipus, Orestes, Philoktetes, Tydeus, Thyestes and Mausollos, possibly Theseus and Bellerophontes. After his tragedies, mentioned in various sources, passages from his unidentified tragedies are given. This is followed by a text of Theodectes of which we are unsure it is from a literary work.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen, Cedrus I (2013), 125-150, DOI: 10.13113/CEDRUS/20131682.
Journal Name: CEDRUS
Publication Date: December 2013

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Annäherungen zur Geschichte der Stadt Phaselis auf onomastischer Grundlage: Ein Studium der Namen aus Phaselis und ihrem Territorium

Zusammenfassung

Dieser Artikel beabsichtigt anhand von Namen, die sich in epigraphischen und numismatischen Belegen und antiken Quellen finden lassen, die im Laufe der Zeit erfolgten Bevölkerungswechsel in Phaselis darzulegen und ebenfalls auf diese Weise über die Kulturkontakte und Handelsbeziehungen der Stadt zu informieren.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen, Phaselis I (2015), 39-67, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15003.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 9 February 2015

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2014 Yılı Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması

Reference: M. Arslan – N. Tüner Önen, ANMED XIII (2015), 198-207.
Journal Name: ANMED
Publication Date: 2014

Abstract

The second season of the surface exploration of the ancient city of Phaselis and its territorium, lying within the administrative borders of modern-day Tekirova, Kemer, was conducted by an interdisciplinary team following a cross-disciplinary approach, consisting of experts on archaeology, epigraphy, historical geography, architecture, flora and fauna, environment and ecology This investigation was conducted between the 26th of August and the 25th of September with the permissionof the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism. The research activities in 2013 focused mainly upon determining the road network within the city, the water courses and drainage systems. Studies were also undertaken to determine Phaselis’ harbour and southern port’s equipment and breakwaters within the city plan and the analysis of the acropolis and necropolis. In the course of this research employing 3-D and distant sensors, epigraphical documents, as well as the archaeological and architectural remains were photographed, GPS coordinates were established and marked on the satellite images, and all the data was recorded on the topographic map and on the city plan. In addition, a detailed analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the area covered by the city and its environment, determining the environmental and ecological factors, as well as the flora and fauna.

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Ideas about the Historical Identitiy and Connections of the City of Phaselis as an Eastern Mediterranean Port

Abstract

This article is based upon ancient sources and numismatic and epigraphic evidence and evaluates the historical identity of Phaselis, located on the border of Lycia-Pamphylia, within the framework of its relations with eastern Mediterranean ports. Phaselis and settlements such as: Gagai, Corydalla and Rhodiapolis had a Hellenic identity in early times and this is compatible with Rhodes’ attempts especially in the VII c. to found new colonies in Lycia and Cilicia, reflecting its desire to participate in the ongoing commercial activities in the eastern Mediterranean. When the temporal context of this dominance is investigated, antroponymic data interestingly reveals that Phaselis retained its Hellenic characters until the Roman Period, while other Rhodian colonies on the east Lycian coast lost many elements of their Hellenic identity in the V and IV centuries B.C. The second section deals with the inferences drawn concerning the historical identity of the city in the perspective of its connections within the eastern Mediterranean. This section examines the commercial aspects of this relationship in particular through presenting the spread of Archaic Period coins struck by Phaselis in eastern Mediterranean cities such as: Damanhur, Benha el Asl, Zagazig, in Syria, in the Anti-Lebanon and in Jordan. Thus, through extending the observations of these commercial links within the context of emporion the city possessed in the Classical and Hellenistic Periods, data concerning the network of regional and inter-regional relations formed by Phaselis in the eastern Mediterranean are examined in detail.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen, MJH II/1 (2012), 205-212.
Journal Name: MJH
Publication Date: June 2012

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Yeni Buluntular Işığında Phaselis Epigrafi Çalışmaları

Abstract

This paper gathers the epigraphical studies of the ancient city of Phaselis, discovered in 1811, by presenting all of the epigraphical data which have been published and introduced to the scientific world; to introduce the new inscriptions determined during the research conducted between 2012 and 2014; and to make corrigendum (correction) and addendum (addition) to some published inscriptions.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen, Phaselis I (2015), 19-38, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15002.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 12 June 2015

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Phaselis Antik Kenti’nde Yapılaşmaya İzin Yok

Abstract

Phaselis’te yapılması planlanan yüzey araştırması projesi, beş yıllık bir çalışma planı çerçevesinde kentin tarihsel coğrafi birikimi, toprak üstü ve su altı arkeolojik dokusunun tespiti, antik yerleşimin temellendiği topografyanın sunduğu fiziki koşuların incelenmesi ve bu koşulların yarattığı fauna-lora yapısının belgelenerek kamuya mal edilmesini hedelemektedir. Bu hedeleri gerçekleştirebilmek için proje katılımcıları ulusal ve uluslararası geniş bir akademik çevreden oluşturulmuştur. Ayrıca Phaselis yüzey araştırmaları planlanırken tarih bilincinin ve kültürel miras kavramının toplumumuzun geniş kitlelerince benimsenmesine yardımcı olacak çağdaş bilgi ağlarının yaratılması öncelikli bir görev olarak benimsenmiştir. Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu’nda 26 Ağustos-25 Eylül 2013 tarihleri arasında farklı bilim Prof. Dr. Murat ARSLAN Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması Başkanı dallarından gelen uzmanların katıldığı bir yüzey araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Phaselis ve hinterlandında sürdürmekte olduğumuz çalışmalarımız sırasında Phaselis antik kentinin batı-güneybatısında, kentin hâlihazırdaki I. Derecedeki Arkeolojik Sit Alanı içinde kalmayan kısımda bir kısmı toprak üzerinde görülebilen taşınır ve taşınmaz nitelikte arkeolojik kültür varlıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu alanda I. Derece Arkeolojik Sit Alanı içine giren yapı kalıntıları (mansio?) ile bağlantılı Phaselis ile Olympos arasındaki Likya Yolu’na ait kalıntılar saptanmıştır. Bu yol, MS 4.-12. yüzyıl Roma güzergâhlarını veren Tabula Peutingeriana’da sahil yolu olarak geçmekte ve aynı haritada Phaselis’in girişinde çit kuleli bir yol konaklama istasyonu işaretlenmektedir

Reference: M. Arslan, Aktüel Arkeoloji 38 (2014), 24-25.
Journal Name: Aktüel Arkeoloji
Publication Date: 2014

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Phaselis Antik Kenti Florası I

Abstract

In this study the flora of the ancient city of Phaselis is introduced. The project over the course of 5 years that began in 2012, surveyed the plants found within the first two years of this project at Phaselis, and their main features are presented in this paper. 191 species of 57 families and a total of 233 taxa were determined through identifying the plants gathered from the field in the years 2012 and 2013. Of these 233 taxa, 181 are species, 35 are subspecies and 17 are in the variety level. Of the 233 taxa determined, 30 are endemic. Of the 30 endemic taxa, 10 are endemic to the Olimpos-Beydağları National Park, 10 to Antalya province and 10 to Turkey. Of the 233 taxa, 136 are elements of the Mediterranean Phytogeographical Region, 3 are of the European-Siberian Phytogeographical Region, 2 are of the Iranian-Turan Phytogeographical Region and 92 are of Multi-Region or of an unknown region. Of the 233 taxa determined during this research period, 3 belong to phylum Pteridophyta (Fern) and 230 to phylum Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants). There are 6 taxa in the subphylum Pinophytina (Gymnosperms) and 224 in the subphylum Magnoliophytina (Angiosperms). Of the 224 taxa in the subphylum Magnoliophytina (Angiosperms), 184 belong to the class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyles) and 40 to the class Liliopsida (Monocotyles).

Reference: R. Süleyman GÖKTÜRK, Phaselis I (2015), 81-131, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15005.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 26 February 2015

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Phaselis Antik Kenti (Antalya) Likenleri I

Abstract

This paper relates the present situation in respect to the activities conducted to determine the lichen diversity forming a part of the surface exploration of Phaselis and its territorium, and the finds obtained from these activities to date. According to the studies, 64 lichen taxa have been identified in the area, until now. Of these taxa, Leprocaulon microscopicum (Vill.) Gams, Porpidia albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Hertel & Knoph and Porpidia cinereoatra (Ach.) Hertel & Knoph are recorded here for the first time from the province of Antalya and its districts.

Reference: Ö. TUFAN ÇETİN, Phaselis I (2015), 133-141, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15006.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 22 June 2015

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2013 Yılı Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması

Reference: M. Arslan – N. Tüner Önen, ANMED XII (2014), 189-195.
Journal Name: ANMED
Publication Date: 2014

Abstract

Günümüzde Kemer İlçesi’nin Tekirova Beldesi idari sınırları içerisinde kalan Phaselis antik kenti ve teritoryumunun ikinci sezon yüzey araştırması T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı’nın izniyle 26 Ağustos-25 Eylül tarihleri arasında, cross-disiplinler bir yaklaşımla; arkeoloji, epigrafi, tarihsel coğrafya, mimari, flora-fauna, çevre ve ekoloji uzmanlarından oluşan disiplinlerarası ekiplerin katılımlarıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2013 yılı araştırmaları sırasında esas itibariyle, kent içi ulaşım ağının tespiti, suyolu ve kanalizasyon sisteminin belirlenmesi, kent limanı ve güney limanının, liman donatıları, mendirekler başta olmak üzere kent planına aktarılma çalışmalarının yanı sıra akropolis ile nekropolis incelemelerine odaklanılmıştır. Bunu yaparken epigrafik belgeler, arkeolojik ve mimari kalıntılar, üç boyutlu ve uzaktan algılama ekipmanlarıyla fotoğraflanıp GPS koordinatları alınarak uydu fotoğrafları üzerine yerleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler hazırlamakta olduğumuz topoğrafık haritaya ve kent planına işlenmiştir. Ayrıca kentin yayıldığı mekân ile çevre ilişkisinin çok yönlü araştırmalarla irdelenmesi amacıyla çevresel, ekolojik ve flora-fauna’ya yönelik çalışmalar yapılmıştır.

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2012 Yılı Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması

Abstract

Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması 2012 yılında Kültür Varlıkları Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü’nün izniyle 10-23 Eylül tarihlerinde disiplinler arası bir yaklaşımla; tarihsel coğrafya, epigrafi, eskiçağ tarihi, arkeoloji, nümizmatik, mimarî ve ekoloji uzmanlarından oluşan bir ekiple gerçekleştirilmiştir1. Keşfinin 200. yılında başladığımız Phaselis araştırmalarında, önceden saptanmış hedefler çerçevesinde, sistemli süreçler aracılığıyla veri toplanması ve bu verilerin farklı araştırmacı grupları tarafından yöntemli ve bilimsel olarak ele alınması amaçlanmış; bundan dolayı da salt arkeoloji/sualtı arkeolojisi, epigrafi, mimarî, nümizmatik ya da tarih alanında değil; eskiçağ bilimlerinin tümünün bir araya geldiği multidisipliner çalışma sistematiğiyle, çok yönlü ve kontrol edilebilir yeni bilgilerin açığa çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir.

Reference: M. Arslan – N. Tüner Önen, 2012 Yılı Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması, AST 31 (2014), 78-89.
Journal Name: Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı
Publication Date: 2013

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Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Yakın Çevresinin Faunası I

Abstract

In this study the terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna around the Ancient City of Phaselis and in its Vicinity were evaluated. The project over the course of 5 years that began in 2012, surveyed the terrestrial fauna which could be found during 2012-2013 and the list of the literature recording this vertebrate fauna present in the area is provided in this report. Also in this study the general properties of some of the species observed in the field are given with a photograph. In this context, field studies conducted during 2012-2013, from the results of these field studies: 35 species of amphibians and reptiles, 26 species of mammals and 122 species of birds were identified. Considering the conservation status of these species; undefined IUCN status for one of the species in the reptile and amphibian group, 1 species in CR, 1 EN, 3 NT, 1 VU, 28 LC located in this category; for birds: 2 species NT, 2 VU and 118 species LC located in this category; for the mammals: 2 species NT, 3 types VU, 20 LC located in category and 1 species is in an undefined category. The current situation during this study and the number of the species and some features of the fauna will change through the wider range of future studies to examine the fauna and their environmental situation).

Reference: M. YAVUZ – M. R. TUNÇ, Phaselis I (2015), 143-183, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15007.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 26 June 2015

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2012 Yılı Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması

Abstract

The borders of the territorium of Phaselis, the ancient city today lying within the administrative boundaries of Tekirova, Kemer, have been determined from the archaeological, epigraphic, and historical-geographic evidence. These borders extend to the Gökdere Valley to the north, and extend along a line from Üç Adalar towards Tahtalı Dağı to the south and through the Çandır Valley to the west (Fig. 1). Phaselis was rediscovered by Europeans in 1811-1812 by Captain F. Beaufort during the course of his task mapping the coastline of southern Asia Minor for the British Admiralty. He charted the city; and during his cartographic research from the ethnikon Fashlğthw visible in the inscriptions, he identified the ruins as those of Phaselis. C. R. Cockerell, the British architect, archaeologist and author, likewise came by ship to Phaselis where he met Beaufort. Later the city was visited in 1838 by the British archaeologist C. Fellows. Fellows found fragments of a dedicatory inscription belonging to the monumental gate erected in honour of Emperor Hadrian and thought that the main road of the Imperial period was a stadion. In 1842 the British naval lieutenant, hydrographer and geographer T. A. B. Spratt and the naturalist Prof. E. Forbes sailed to Phaselis, following the route from Olympus and the Chimaera. Since all of these visits to Phaselis were made briefly by ship, the description of the territory was not detailed and these descriptions included serious errors in the recorded observations

Reference: M. Arslan – K. Demirtaş – N. Tüner Önen, ANMED XI (2013), 224-229.
Journal Name: ANMED
Publication Date: 2013

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Phaselis Su Sistemleri ve Hidrografisi Üzerine Genel Değerlendirme

Abstract

One of the most remarkable structures inside the ancient city of Phaselis which was founded in the early VIII. century B.C., and which played an important role in the Mediterranean trade due to its three natural harbours, is the vaulted waterway (aquaeductus) which can be seen from the site entrance. Due to the system established, the Phaselites were able to construct fountains and bath complexes which required large amounts of water, within the city in the Roman Period. In addition to the general research conducted in the past, there have been investigations that focus upon only the waterways. These aforementioned studies are based upon the results from the assessment and synthesis of only those ruins determined on the surface, without any excavations. This paper aims to assess the studies of the water systems and hydrography of Phaselis conducted todate, according to the finds from the surface explorations which began in 2012 and which continues today, and to present a new synthesis, taking into account the new data obtained within the process. Examining and reconsidering all of the comments made concerning the water systems within the research related to the city of Phaselis, with critical thinking and an objective view; the structures are analyzed from a cause and effect perspective, considering the current situations in respect to the evidence.

Reference: M. KÜRKÇÜ, Phaselis I (2015), 69-79, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15004.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 26 February 2015

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Hadrians Reisen im östlichen Mittelmeer anhand neuer Inschriften aus Phaselis

Zusammenfassung

Nach der großen Niederlage Traians gegen die Parther bei Hatra im Jahre 117 zog sich der Kaiser nach Syrien zurück und starb im August desselben Jahres auf dem Rückweg nach Rom in der kilikischen Stadt Selinus. Sein Nachfolger Hadrian erhielt am 9. August 117 in Antiochia die schriftliche Mitteilung, dass er von Traian adoptiert worden war, und wurde zwei Tage später von den Truppen zum Kaiser ausgerufen. Diese Erhebung verdankte Hadrian nicht nur seiner Verwandtschaft mit Traian und seiner erfolgreiche Karriere, sondern auch der Unterstützung der Traiansgattin Plotina, seiner Schwiegermutter Matidia sowie des Prätorianerpräfekten Publius Acilius Attianus, die alle in Selinus anwesend waren, als Traian starb. Der bei der Kaiserdeklaration durch den Senat 41 Jahre alte Hadrian zeichnete sich im Gegensatz zu seinem Adoptivvater durch eine friedliche Politik aus6. Während seiner Herrschaftszeit wurden die Eroberungen Traians östlich des Euphrat und Tigris aufgegeben und die Forderungen auf Dacia reduziert.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen, Adalya XVI (2013), 93-106.
Journal Name: Adalya
Publication Date: 2013

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Bostanlık Koyu Kumsalı’nda (Phaselis/Antalya) Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) Populasyonları Hakkında İlk Bulgular

Abstract

In this study, status of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) population nesting at Bostanlık Bay Beach in Phaselis Ancient City was investigated. In this context, findings of the summer semester of 2014 are the first data and records for this field. The beach, is divided into two sections (eastern section about 350 m and west approximately 500 m) because of the rocky nose which extends from near the middle section. In this preliminary study it has been identified in the breeding season Bostanlık Beach is a total of 10 nests in the western section and hatchling occurred in 5 of these nests. The remaining two nests were excavated by predators. On the other hand, in the east section which is using extensively by tourists and local peoples was not found any nest.

Reference: M. YAVUZ – M. R. TUNÇ, Phaselis I (2015), 291-302, DOI: 10.18367/Pha.15015.
Journal Name: Phaselis
Publication Date: 15 December 2015

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Neue Inschriften aus Phaselis I

Abstract

In the course of increasing mass tourism the Turkish Ministry of Culture in the early 1980ies ordered excavation and restoration work in Phaselis. Fifteen of the inscriptions then discovered are published here for the first time. Of these, the two dedications to Helios and Apollon Iatros as well as the funerary stele no. 13 can be dated to the Classical period. The list of victors (no. 3) shows that in Hellenistic times the city celebrated a festival which, judging by the provenance of the winners from the Aegean region, was of Panhellenic nature. The honorary dedications to successful wrestlers shed some light on agonistic activities in the city in late imperial times. A dedication to Domitia Paulina (no. 7) suggests that Hadrian was accompanied by his sister during his second journey to the East. A fragment belonging to an Opramoas inscription (TAM II 1203) mentions that the famous billionaire made a donation of 12,500 denars to the Phaselites for distribution among the citizens and for financing of legations. In the 3rd century the Phaselites honoured a procurator Lyciae et Pamphyliae named Rufus, the Lyciarch Aur. Panphilos from Arycanda and a certain Philocrates who probably hailed from Olympos. In Late Antiquity two agoranomoi financed a mosaic floor in the palaestra of the Large Baths.

Reference: M. Adak – N. Tüner Önen – S. Şahin, Gephyra 2 (2005), 1-20.
Journal Name: Gephyra
Publication Date: 2005

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Phaselis Yüzey Araştırması Çalışmaları

Organization: Antalya Müzesi 2015 yılı Konferansları
Location: Antalya
Event Date: 24 April 2015
Presenter: Murat Arslan

Phaselis Kenti Pantheonu ve Doğu Akdeniz’deki Etkileşimi

Organization: Uluslararası Genç Bilimciler Buluşması II: Anadolu Akdenizi
Location: Antalya
Event Date: 05 November 2015
Presenter: Fatih Yılmaz

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The Cult of Athena Polias on the Acropolis of Phaselis and within the Eastern Mediterranean

Organization: SOMA: 19th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology
Location: Antalya
Event Date: 12 November 2015
Presenter: Fatih Yılmaz

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Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Arastırması-2013

Organization: 36. Uluslararası Kazı, Arastırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu
Location: Gaziantep
Event Date: 02 June 2014
Presenters: Murat Arslan & Nihal Tüner Önen

Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Territoriumu Yüzey Araştırmaları

Organization: Suna İnan Kıraç Akdeniz Medeniyetleri Araştırma Enstitüsü (AKMED) Konferans Dizisi
Location: AKMED / Antalya
Event Date: 19 April 2014
Presenter: Murat Arslan

UKAAS_35

Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırması-2012

Organization: 35. Uluslararası Kazı, Arastırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu
Location: Muğla
Event Date: 30 May 2013
Presenter: Nihal Tüner Önen

Yazıtlar Işığında Phaselis

Abstract

Burada ele alınan bildiri konusu, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Bölümü’nde 2008 yılında tarafımdan tamamlanan “Phaselis Antik Kenti ve Teritoryumu” başlıklı tezin bir nevi özeti niteliğindedir. Phaselis üzerine yapılan bu doktora çalışması, epigrafik, numismatik ve arkeolojik belgeler ile antik literatüre dayanarak kentin Antik Dönem’deki tarihini anlatmak; coğrafyası, ahalisi, ekonomisi, politik ve sosyal yapısı üzerinde durmak ve de bunların bağlantılarını analiz etmek amaçlarını gütmüştür. Araştırmanın zaman dilimi ise Arkaik Dönem’den Bizans Dönemi’nin sonuna kadar ulaşmaktadır.

Reference: N. Tüner Önen, Uluslararası Genç Bilimciler Buluşması I: Anadolu Akdenizi Sempozyumu, Suna – İnan Kıraç Akdeniz Medeniyetleri Araştırma Enstitüsü, Kongre, Sempozyum, Seminer Dizisi: 3. Ed. K. Dörtlük – T. Kahya – R. Boyraz/Seyhan – T. Ertekin, Antalya (2012), 479-488.
Organization: Uluslararası Genç Bilimciler Buluşması I: Anadolu Akdenizi Sempozyumu, Suna – İnan Kıraç Akdeniz Medeniyetleri Araştırma Enstitüsü, Kongre, Sempozyum
Location: Antalya
Event Date: 2012

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Die “Anatolisierung” einer griechischen Stadt: Ein Studium der Namen von Phaselis

Organization: II. Türk – Yunan Epigrafi Sempozyumu
Location: Akdeniz Üniversitesi Adrasan Eğitim ve Uygulama Merkezi
Event Date: 24 May 2012
Presenter: Nihal Tüner Önen

Ideas about the Historical Identitiy and Connections of the City of Phaselis as an Eastern Mediterranean Port

Organization: The 16th SOMA – Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology “IDENTITY & CONNECTIVITY
Location: İtalya/ Floransa
Event Date: 1 March 2012
Presenter: Nihal Tüner Önen

RTI in Epigraphy: Phaselis Example

Organization: SOMA: 19th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology
Location: Antalya
Event Date: 12 November 2015
Presenter: Aykan AKÇAY

A Case Study on Necropoleis of the Ancient City of Phaselis

Organization: SOMA: 19th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology
Location: Antalya
Event Date: 12 November 2015
Presenter: Betül GÜREL

Antik Çağdan Ortaçağa Phaselis Sikkeleri Seramik Sergisi

Location: Akdeniz University, Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute (MCRI) Art Gallery
Date: 14 Mayıs 2014 – 31 Temmuz 2014 Craftsman: T.M.P. Duggan
Curator: Emine Bilgiç & Yeliz E. Yurtbilir

Antik Çağdan Ortaçağa Phaselis Sikkeleri Seramik Sergisi

Location: Akdeniz University, Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute (MCRI) Art Gallery
Date: February 2016 Craftsman: Serdar Arslan Curator: Murat ARSLAN

Kuruluşundan itibaren üç ticari limanıyla birlikte Doğu Akdeniz’in en önemli ticari merkezlerinden biri olan Phaselis, Lykia ve Pamphylia bölgelerinin sınırında yer almaktadır. Arkaik, Klasik ve Helenistik dönemler boyunca büyük ölçüde bağımsızlığını korumuş otokton bir kent sıfatıyla yönetilmiştir. Kent geç Helenistik ve Roma dönemleri boyunca ise, bazen Lykia, bazen Pamphylia bazen de Lykia-Pamphylia bölgelerine dahil olmuştur.

Phaselis Arkaik Dönem’le birlikte, MÖ VI. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren gümüş sikke basmaya başlamıştır. Pers hâkimiyeti altındayken (MÖ VI. – V. yüzyıl) da gümüş sikke darp etmeye devam etmiş ve Atina’yla ticari ilişki içine girmiştir. Mısır, Suriye, Rodos, Atina, Byzantion, Karadeniz kentlerinden ele geçen Phaselis sikkeleri, Klasik ve Helenistik dönemlerde özellikle Doğu Akdeniz, adalar ve Karadeniz ile Phaselis arasında yoğun emtia hacminin olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Kentin darp ettiği sikkeler üzerinde kentin en öne çıkan ürünleri, atribüleri ile yönetici ve tanrılarından oluşan bir dizi portrelerin basıldığı gözlemlenmektedir. Ayrıca kentin isminden türeyen ve kentte yetişen bir tür yabani fasulyeden esinlenerek inşa edilen Phaselos adlı savaş/yük gemileri de sikkeler üzerinde sevilerek kullanılan bir motif olmuş görünür.

Phaselislilerin (Phaseleiton [“ΦΑΣΗΛΕΙΤΩΝ]) anlamına gelen sikkelerden etkilenilerek tasarlanan seramik sergi projesinin araştırmalarına Ağustos 2014 tarihinde başlanılmış sırasıyla yüzey araştırmaları, envanter ve atölye çalışmaları şeklinde gelişerek Şubat 2016 tarihlerine kadar yoğun bir şekilde seramik sanatçısı ve tasarımcısı olan Serdar ASLAN tarafından yürütülmüştür. Bir yılı aşkın süreç içerisinde, gerek metodolojik gerekse sanatsal bakış açıları doğrultusunda nümismatik buluntular asıllarına bağlı kalınarak, ortalama 4 kat büyütülüp yeniden (elde) kil (seramik çamuru) kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Sergi, MÖ V. yüzyıldan, MS III. yüzyıla kadar kronolojik bir perspektif içinde titizlikle belirlenen 20 sikke tasarımından oluşmaktadır.

MÖ V. yüzyıldan, MS III. yüzyıl sonlarına dek üretilen sikkelerde, gemilerin pruva (ön kısmı) ve pupa (arka kısmı) görselleri betimlenmiştir. Zamandizinsel gelişim, değişim süreci içinde gemi tasarım teknolojileri aşaması açıkça gözler önüne serilmiş, böylelikle Phaselislilerin askeri, siyasi ilişkileri ve ticari deniz faaliyetlerine göndermeler yapılmıştır. Özellikle, MS 168 – 130 yılları arasında darp edilmiş sikkelerin ön yüzlerinde Apollon portreleri, arka yüzlerinde ise genellikle savaş gemilerinin pruva (ön kısmı) görselleri tasvir edilmiştir. Ayrıca şehir yöneticilerinin ve eponymos memurların erken dönemlerden itibaren Apollon portrelerindeki belirgin antropolojik betimlemelere paralel yansımalar içeren ikonografik özellikleri kendi bünyelerinde birleştiren portrelerini isimleriyle birlikte kent sikkeleri üzerine darp ettirmiş görünürler.

Son derece özgün bir yaklaşımla tasarlanıp hayata geçirilen bu projesi çerçevesinde, Phaselis kentinin aktif seramik ürettiği dönemlerde kullanıldığı düşünülen çamur rezervlerinden elde edilmiş olan kil, işlenerek perdahlanmış ve sanat eserlerinin yüzeylerine astar olarak uygulanmıştır. Böylelikle antikçağın çömlek rengi ve dokusu, nümismatik eserlerin sanatsal tasarımlarıyla buluşturulmuş antikitenin ruhu izleyicilerin beğenisine sunulmuştur.

Kültürel Miras Araştırmalarında Kullanılan Yeni Teknolojik Yaklaşımlar: Phaselis Yazıtları Örneği

University: Akdeniz University, Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute (MCRI)
Location: Antalya
Date: January 2016
Author: Aykan AKÇAY
Advisor: Murat ARSLAN

Phaselis’ Chief Goddess Athena Polias and interaction within the Eastern Mediterranean

Abstract

From earliest times in the worship of Athena, especially on the Aegean Islands and Hellas, the goddess was worshipped as the protectress of cities, institutions and mythological heroes and she manifested these functions in various of ways. Particularly during the Archaic and Classical periods, it was this aspect of Athena that, politically placed the Goddess most commonly found with the epithet Polias amongst the most important deities, together with Zeus and Apollo. The cult of the goddess was taken all over the Eastern Mediterranean in the great colonization movements. Myths relate the city of Phaselis was colonized in 691/690 B.C. by a group under the leadership of Lakios from Lindos and it was then that the Athena cult of the mother city was brought to Phaselis. From the founding of the city until the Late Roman period, the cult can be defined through epigraphic, numismatic, as well as from philological evidence that Athena was the chief goddess of the city and her temple was located on the acropolis of Phaselis. Further, the temple of Athena in the city obtained great renown after the spear of Trojan hero Achilles was dedicated there. In this work, the possible location of the temple of Athena is suggested after the goddess’ position within the pantheon of Phaselis has been examined. Then the relationship of the local origin of Athena Polias in Lycia to that of Phaselis is addressed, finally, an attempt is made to describe the diffusion and interaction of this cult within the Eastern Mediterranean coastal cities particularly during the Archaic and Classical periods.

University: Akdeniz University, Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute (MCRI)
Location: Antalya
Date: January 2016
Author: Fatih YILMAZ
Advisor: Nihal TÜNER-ÖNEN